如何从业余进阶专业？职业选手的每周提示．(最新第21页更新) 进阶, 职业, 选手, 提示, 业余

pingpong1

在家园收益这么久，我来做一次贡献吧．在美国乒乓总站上有一个连接里面由专业人士每周一讲如何进阶专业，里面的提示最适合有条件练球的同志，几乎每一个贴子让我看了都汗颜，业余缺点一针见血而且有建议如何提高，这里的建议都是非常实用而且适用范围广．由于贴子之多我能力有限我就来慢慢翻译，希望懂英文的同志帮忙，翻译本身也会对文章理解更透彻．

连接在http://usatt.org/tip_photo/122605.shtml

希望版主加精，也希望大家多多参与讨论．

[ Last edited by pingpong1 on 2006-5-25 at 04:47 ]

[ 本帖最后由 星使 于 2007-1-29 17:44 编辑 ]

pingpong1

先选两个开开胃．

12/26/05

The Little Things

Many players think bigger and bigger swings are the path to advancement, but it's often the opposite. Top players do many little things right, every time, and it makes a huge difference.
For example, do you push short and low; consistently return serves safely; hit all your own serves low, accurately, and with the full spin you can muster; move completely for every shot without reaching or leaning; warm up to play hard from the first point of the match; soften your returns when needed to keep the ball in play; and go only for the shots you own under pressure? Look around; at the average club, there will be no players who do all these things.

In fact, you usually need to go to about 2300 or 2400 to find folks who pass this little quiz, which should tell you something about its importance. And yet, these are refinements available to players of almost any level. Including you.

小技术

很多选手以为越来越大的挥拍是提高的途径，实际情况经常是相反的．高水平选手每次都能将小动作做正确，这会产生相当大的效果．

譬如说，你能否摆得又短又低？能否稳定安全地接发球？能否每次都发球够低，精确，并且产生足够的旋转？能否每球完全走到位而不用够球或是倾斜？能否足够地热身以至于比赛第一个球开始就有质量地发挥？能否在需要时软处理接发球到需要的位置？能否在压力下只进攻那些足够有把握的球？看看你周围的同志吧，没有人可以做到所有这些．

事实上，你需要在2300-2400的水准下才能找到通过这个考试的选手，他们会告诉你这些的重要性．而且这些的改进对哪个水平都有效，包括你．

12/13/04

Backhand Footwork

Many players neglect an important part of their backhand footwork -- moving in and out. Instead of making the effort, they reach forward to the ball, or lean back to play a deep one.
Such footwork neglect leaves players vulnerable to the tactic of changing depths. One classic is to play a short ball followed by a deep ball, catching your opponent leaning over the table. (Often, the deep one doesn't have to be hard at all, just bounced near the end line.) Another good tactic, for points played off the table, is to alternate forceful low spins (to the backhand) with softer, higher spins. By coming up shorter, the latter shot will force the lazy opponent to reach forward and hit up at a spinny ball, often sending it off the table. You can see such errors made all day at any tournament, even among fairly high-rated players.

The solution to this problem involves simple hard work and paying attention, without shortcuts. After each backhand, you must try to get back to a ready position, and recognize the need to move into position for the next one. Tempting as it is just to stand there and wave your paddle quickly to counter backhands, such a lazy approach will cost you against stronger opponents who play a three-dimensional game by making a continuous effort to be in position.

反手步法

很多选手忽略了反手步法一个很关键的部分：退出和进入（相对台面）．不去做这方面的努力，他们向前够球或是后倾去打长球．

这种步法的忽略使得选手对球深浅变化的策略很脆弱．一个经典策略是打一个短球紧接着一个长球，这样会把你的对手打倾斜在台面上．（经常，长的那个球并不需要很大力量，只要落在端线附近就够）．另一个有效策略是对于那些长球的相持，改变那种有质量的低旋转（到反手）用软高的旋转来代替．如果拉得够短的话，后一种球会强迫那些懒惰的选手向前够去发力攻这个球，经常是打出界．赛场上你可以看到这样的错误经常出现，甚至包括高积分．

问题的解决包括单纯而困难的训练和集中注意力，没有捷径．每次反手打完你必须试图回到初始位置，并且注意发现是否需要移位打下一个球．那种只站在那里快速挥拍来用反手打球的诱惑，这样的懒惰的解决方式会使你输给那些通过持续努力还原而打三维球的选手．

sunsun

好贴呀！

tt-boy

一针见血的文章！

yicong

好文啊，这样的见地越多越好

chensir3

支持樓主發貼。

cz.wangzhuo

专业好文！！

黯凶

不知道偶的水平去到那里有没有500分呢。。。

pingpong1

对美国积分有个大体认识可能这些文章更容易理解一些，

我的认识是0-2100业余选手,2100-2400半专业，2400+专业

这里半专业小孩（男）从八九岁练起（每周至少两次教练指导，每周4,5次到球馆训练），两三年后大体可以达到1800，再往后大体每年能长分100-150，其中会有些起伏，到得17,8岁上大学成绩可达2200-2300再往上就纯靠个人是否非常有兴趣继续发展和个人天赋了．

pingpong1

12/19/05

Losing at the Short Game

By Carl Danner

Sometimes you encounter an opponent who returns serves short, flips, and opens better than you do.
When this happens, you have a decision to make. Either do something to tighten your short game immediately, or just start serving out deep and returning deep to open the rallies up more freely. Often, the latter strategy is better, especially where an opponent may be hindering your quickness through well-placed returns made using good touch.

There are always several choices of basic game strategy you can make against most opponents. Be open to moving to another alternative if your preferred choice stalls.

小球不利的情况

有些时候你遇到的对手接发球回短，挑球，发起进攻都比你强。

当这种情况发生时，你必须做一个决定。或者采取手段使你的小球紧凑，或是就发球深，回球深从而更自如的转入相持。通常，后者的策略更好，尤其是当对手通过良好的手感回球到非常难受的位置从而阻碍你的速度时。

对于几乎所有的选手，你总是有很多种基本策略的选择。想法要更广一些，如果你喜欢的方式不奏效的话，要能够转入另一个策略。


12/12/05

Your Over-Developed Wing

By Carl Danner

Are you much stronger on one wing (forehand or backhand) than the other? If so, chances are your grip and stance are also tilted to favor the same wing.
You'll do better in the long run with a neutral stance and grip. Ask a coach, or a playing partner, to observe what you're doing (in both regards) to help you get back to proper form.

你过多发展的翅膀。

你是否一边的翅膀（正手或反手）比另一边要强得多？如果是这样，很有可能的是你的抓板和站位都倾向于你喜欢的那一边。

在长期的效果下中性的站位和抓板会让你的成绩更好。询问教练，或是打球的同事，让他们观察你的动作来帮助你转型到更正确的姿势。


12/05/05

The Ball You Must Smash

By Carl Danner

In tight situations, you can be tempted just to roll or block a loose return that you could also smash. This is a mistake, especially against a higher-level player.
Letting your opponent off the hook in this way offers her a tremendous relief; suddenly, points she thought were lost are in play again. Your opponent can also soften up her attack and play steadier knowing that you will back down. The results can snowball against you, and turn a match around.

Your game especially needs its bite in nail-biting matches. So simply commit to smashing any ball that deserves it, at any time, against any opponent. No regrets. Not only will you win more, but you'll have more fun doing it.


你必须进攻的球

在紧张比赛的情况下，你可能被诱惑只是去轻卷或挡一个对手回来的弱手，而不是去杀它。这是错误的，尤其是面对水平更高的选手时。

用这种方式让你的对手摆脱窘境会给他很大的减压；突然地他以为要丢的分又重新打起来。知道你会退缩你的对手也可以减弱他的进攻而打得更稳定。结果会越积越大对你不利，最后扭转一次比赛。

在激烈的情况下，你的比赛尤其需要咬得狠。所以，任何时候面对任何对手，杀每一个应该被杀的球。没有遗憾。你不仅仅会赢得更多，你还会在其中享受到乐趣。

pingpong1

11/28/05

Stepping It Up

By Carl Danner

In terms of tempo of play and general aggressiveness, most improving players err on the side of going for too much -- e.g. by trying to kill difficult balls, or by failing to fall back to steady, consistent play when warranted. But at high levels of the sport, things happen quickly in points; players open quick and hard, move fast around the court, and generally mop up the slower stuff that passes for lower-level rallies. Thus, there can come a time where a developing player needs to play a quicker, firmer game. From a practical standpoint, this is difficult advice to give, since it is so easily misinterpreted as a license to flail if you don't recognize the right time (and way) to step it up.
The best indicator is match experience against a better player, especially one at least 200 rating points stronger. Typically, they may move faster, loop sooner, counter more quickly, or even push more severely. Generally, you will have less time to get going in a point, and have to strike more severely to score. Such experience can show directly where your own movements and reactions have to accelerate.

The way you step up your game is equally important. To execute more quickly and powerfully requires better footwork and form, not harder swings. The high-rated opponent loops more quickly because he moves faster into looping position than you do. He can stroke more rapidly and consistently because he lacks the hitch in his swing (or faulty grip, bad position, etc.) that you have. But he also has a different mindset, expecting to execute these things in situations where you would have doubts. There is no question in his mind that (for example) he is going to run over there and hit that quick counter-loop. And he does.

If you decide to step it up, first work hard in practice. Stress yourself through rapid-fire exchanges with your partner, trying to make every single shot without error. Do double-speed footwork drills. Play practice games where you must attack every ball, regardless of your opponent's shot. Try to relax a bit (no gritting of teeth), since taut muscles move more slowly. Don't forget a coach's advice (if available) on your movement and form. Then, in match play, step it up about half as much as you did in practice -- which will give you added quickness, while hopefully keeping any wildness under control.

Your game can move up a level if you can accelerate your play while maintaining good form and consistency.


提高速度

谈到比赛节奏以及积极方面，大多数正在长球的选手都倾向于做的太过了--譬如试图去杀很难的球，或在必需的情况下无法退后沉着稳定的发挥。但是对于高水平的运动，每分之间事情发展非常迅速；选手发动进攻快狠，移动迅速，而且扫荡那种对低水平没问题的慢球。因此在某种情况下长球的选手需要打一些更快更坚实的球。从训练角度很难给出建议，因为如果你不能识别合适的时间（和方式）去提高速度的话，很容易解释成可以去乱打。

最好的指导是去和高水平选手比赛，尤其是那些积分至少高上200分的选手。很典型地，他们移动更快，更早拉球，更快反拉，甚至搓得更狠。一般来说你有更少的时间去进行一分球，而且需要打得更狠来得分。这样的经历能直接得告诉你你在哪个移动和反应方面需要提高速度。

提高速度的方式同样重要。执行的更快更有力量需要更好的步法和方式，不是更狠的拉手。高积分选手拉球更快是因为他们更快的移动到拉球位置。他可以打得更快更稳定因为他挥拍没有像你一样的被绊住（或者错误抓拍和错误的位置，等等）。而且他的思维也有区别，在某些情况下准备好执行一些动作，而不是像你一样会犹豫。譬如对他来说跑到那里杀那个快速的反拉在他的想法里是没有任何问题的。而且他做到了．

如果你决定提高速度，首先要下苦工训练．在和队友快速回合中紧迫起来，每个球都尽量不要失误．用两倍的速度做单纯步法训练，打一些无论对手怎样回球你都进攻的模拟比赛．试着放松一点（而不是要紧牙关）因为紧蹦的肌肉移动速度慢．别忘了教练对于移动和形式的指使（如果有的话）．然后在比赛中提高大概相当于你训练时提高的一半的速度--这样可以让你加速同时控制住你的疯狂（希望如此）．

你如果可以提高打球速度并且保持好的形式和稳定性，你的比赛可以提高一个档次．

csa1050